Monday, August 24, 2020

Musicals essays

Musicals articles Initially an interruption from the repulsions of war during the 1940s and 1950s, the American Musical developed in notoriety all through the twentieth century. The melodic consolidates acting, moving, and singing to frame durable pictures that are as yet cherished today. The melodic requires a cooperative exertion between all components of the film, regardless of whether melodic or not. The verses, music, and move need to gather with the plot, impacts, and portrayal to make a film worth viewing. Stars of the American Musical must have the option to act, sing, and frequently move, so as to get a section in a film. Musicals should consistently speak to a scope of individuals, from a 5-year-old to a 85-year-old, to ensure watchers. The melodic consistently has snappy cheery tunes or moderate numbers that the audience can chime in to, which gives increasingly mass intrigue. A portion of the more typical topics in melodic auditorium incorporate wistfulness, the Cinderella story, authenticity, and adjustments of writing. The sentimentality topic is found in Oklahoma!, Carousel, and Showboat. The Cinderella story is spoken to by The King and I, The Sound of Music, and My Fair Lady. Authenticity can be seen in Annie Get Your Gun, The Unsinkable Molly Brown, and Newsies, which were completely founded on real occasions from an earlier time. A few musicals that depend on writing incorporate The Phantom of the Opera, Jesus Christ Superstar, Jekyll The American Musical has experienced numerous progressions since turning into a well known film class. Early musicals were American variants of the English Operetta, for example, The Student Prince. After this, authentic American Musicals were made, for example, Annie Get Your Gun and Porgy and Bess. At that point came reasonable musicals, for example, South Pacific and Camelot, which were musicals with topics that the vast majority could identify with in light of the fact that they were progressively trustworthy, or in reality obvious stories. Before long, even more current ways to deal with the American Musical were created ... <!

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Job Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction of Teaching Personnel at Udm

Part I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION Teachers assume a fundamental job in building a country. They are seemingly one of the most significant gatherings of experts for our nation’s future. It is upsetting to discover that a large number of today’s overlooked yet truly great individuals like instructors are disappointed with their employments. Ask anybody in the road how to propel educators and they will explicitly reply to build their pay rates. Ask what variables may have made disappointment among educators and most likely they will count factors like conduct of understudies, class size, educational program, and the administration strategies in education.According to Herzberg Motivation-Hygiene Theory, the components causing fulfillment are not the same as those causing disappointment, the two emotions can't just be treated as alternate extremes of each other. Something contrary to fulfillment isn't disappointment, but instead, no fulfillment. Also, someth ing contrary to disappointment is nodissatisfaction. While from the start this qualification between the two alternate extremes may seem like a statement with a double meaning, Herzberg contended that there are two unmistakable human needs portrayed.First, there are physiological necessities that can be satisfied by cash, for instance, to buy food and haven. Second, there is the mental need to accomplish and develop, and this need is satisfied by exercises that cause one to develop. Numerous elements have been inspected trying to discover which one advances inspiration. In the examination directed by Poling (1990), he brought up that Pay impetuses have been seen as fruitless in expanding motivation.In a comparative report, Castillo and Cano (1999), reasoned that instructors inspiration depends on their opportunity to attempt new thoughts, accomplishments and inborn work components. Though, plans, for example, merit pay were anticipated to be counterproductive. They clarified that ge nuine activity fulfillment is gotten from the delight of higher request needs than lower request needs. Educators’ choice to leave and stay in the training calling is related with his degree of inspiration and occupation satisfaction.The subtle nature of employment fulfillment build propelled the estimation and hypothetical improvement to work fulfillment (Castillo, 199). Occupation fulfillment is an impalpable idea that has been progressively tested and refined since the Herzberg, Mauser and Snyderman concentrate in 1959. Despite the fact that, the establishment of occupation fulfillment and employment inspiration was presented by Maslow in his chain of importance of necessities. Maslow (1954) states that human thought processes develop consecutively to fulfill the accompanying needs: physiological, wellbeing, social, confidence and self-actualization.Individual need fulfillment is impacted by both the significance appended to the different needs and how much every individua l satisfy every need. An instructing calling is the one of the most significant calling by any means. Educators dedicate a ton of their vitality, time and enthusiasm to teach new ages. Like some other callings, educating has some particular distinction and traps. In this investigation, I investigated the rousing and cleanliness factors that influence the presentation of the personnel of Universidad de Manila.There is a need to lead this examination since Faculty individuals are the leaders of the nation’s people in the future. It is very upsetting to realize that there are sure factors that influence the activity execution of the employees dependent on the assessment directed by the Faculty and Employees Performance Evaluation Office of Universidad De Manila The point was picked to decide the variables, both propelling and cleanliness that satisfies and disappoints the employees of Universidad De Manila. Also, distinguish those elements that effect in the activity execution o f the personnel members.The reason for this examination is to appropriately recognize the rousing and cleanliness factors comparable to the activity execution of the employees, which will be gainful for the association in advancing and improving whatever is essential for the organization’s development. Proclamation OF THE PROBLEM This investigation will decide the inspiring and cleanliness factors corresponding to work execution of the employees of Universidad De Manila (UDM). In particular, the examination will respond to the accompanying inquiries; 1. What is the profile of the employees of the Universidad De Manila as far as: 1. Age 1. 2 Gender 1. 3 Marital Status 1. 4 Academic Rank 1. 5 Length of Service at UDM 2. What is the persuading and cleanliness factors that UDM employees have as far as : A. Employment Motivator Factors 1. Accomplishments 2. Development 3. Acknowledgment 4. Obligation 5. Work Itself B. Employment Hygiene Factors 1. Relational Relations 2. Approach and Administration 3. Compensation 4. Management 5. Working Conditions 3. What is the activity execution rating of the UDM educating work force? 4. Is there a huge connection between UDM showing staff segment profile and generally speaking occupation execution? 5.Is there a critical connection between UDM educating personnel’s’ rousing and cleanliness factors according to work execution? 6. Is there a huge contrast between UDM instructing personnel’s’ persuading and cleanliness factors according to work execution? Theory The accompanying invalid speculation was figured and tried at 0. 05 degrees of essentialness: 1. There is no critical connection between UDM showing work force segment profile and generally speaking employment execution? 2. There is no noteworthy connection between UDM instructing personnel’s’ persuading and cleanliness factors according to work execution? . There is a noteworthy contrast between UDM educating personnel†™s’ inspiring and cleanliness factors corresponding to work execution? Hypothetical FRAMEWORK Theories of occupation fulfillment included disparity theory(Locke, 1969), value hypothesis (Mowday, 1992) and the spark cleanliness hypothesis (Herzberg, Mauser and Snyderman , 1959). The disparity hypothesis was the consequence of the contrast between a genuine result an individual get and some other expected result level which may cause work fulfillment/disappointment. (Lawler, 1973).Inputs and yields were the premise of the value hypothesis. Workers assessed their information sources/yields by contrasting them and that of others. Value existed if the proportion of the data sources and yields was like the information sources and yields of different laborers. Then again, there is disparity if the proportion of the sources of info and yields was inconsistent to the data sources and yields of other person. Value were related with work fulfillment while imbalance with work disappoin tment (Mowday, 1992). This examination is tied down on the two-factor hypothesis of Herzberg.Herzberg, Mauser and Snyderman (1959) brought up that activity fulfillment is anything but a unidimensional idea yet that is made out of two autonomous variables: 1. Persuasive variables itself can prompt occupation fulfillment; 2. Support factors (cleanliness factors) must be adequately present all together for inspirational elements to become possibly the most important factor and when not adequately present can square inspiration and can prompt employment disappointment. Model of Herzberg’s Two †Factor Theory Job Motivator Factors Achievements Growth Recognition Responsibility Work Itself Satisfaction No SatisfactionJob Hygiene Factors Interpersonal Relations Policy and Administration Salary Supervision Working Conditions No Dissatisfaction The reason of the spark cleanliness hypothesis was that occupations had explicit variables which were identified with work fulfillment and disappointment. The five factors that encourage work fulfillment were accomplishment, acknowledgment, work itself, obligation, and progression. The components distinguished as determinants of employment disappointment were strategy and organization, oversight, pay, relational relations and working conditions.Herzberg contemplated that in light of the fact that the elements causing fulfillment are unique in relation to those causing disappointment, the two sentiments can't just be treated as contrary energies of each other. Something contrary to fulfillment isn't disappointment, but instead, no fulfillment. Essentially, something contrary to disappointment is no disappointment. While from the outset this qualification between the two alternate extremes may seem like a figure of speech, Herzberg contended that there are two unmistakable human needs depicted. To begin with, there are physiological necessities that can be satisfied by cash, for instance, to buy food and shelter.Second, there is the mental need to accomplish and develop, and this need is satisfied by exercises that cause one to develop. Applied FRAMEWORK The reasonable system of the investigation depended on Herzberg two factor hypothesis, otherwise called the Motivator-Hygiene Theory which centers around the elements that influence the activity execution of employees of Universidad De Manila. The cleanliness factors are identified with the earth outer to the activity. Nature incorporates relational relations with others, arrangement and organizations, compensation, management and working conditions.Many people who feel disappointed attract their disappointment to conditions encompassing their occupations as opposed to work itself. The other class is the propelling variables, which are seen as compelling in spurring individuals in predominant execution. These variables incorporate accomplishments, development, acknowledgment, obligation and work itself. These ought to be cooperating, to supplement and supplement each other. The fundamental necessity ought to be given to the laborers just as the test to perform to the greatest limit and invigorate them to develop to the pinnacle of their performance.This look into figured out what individuals or employee specifically really need and what components caused them to perform better or lesser on their particular field of educating. Worldview OF THE STUDY CRITERION VARIABLE Job Performance VARIATE Achievements Growth Recognition Responsibility Work Itself Interpersonal Rel

Saturday, July 18, 2020

Anger, Envy Insults

Anger, Envy Insults Near Tokyo lived a great Samurai, now old, who decided to teach Zen Buddhism to young people.One afternoon, a warrior â€" known for his complete lack of scruples â€" arrived there. The young and impatient warrior had never lost a fight. Hearing of the Samurai’s reputation, he had come to defeat him, and increase his fame.All the students were against the idea, but the old man accepted the challenge. All gathered on the town square, and the young man started insulting the old master. He threw a few rocks in his direction, spat in his face, shouted every insult under the sun â€" he even insulted his ancestors.For hours, he did everything to provoke him, but the old man remained impassive. At the end of the afternoon, by now feeling exhausted and humiliated, the impetuous warrior left.Disappointed by the fact that the master had received so many insults and provocations, the students asked: How could you bear such indignity? Why didn’t you use your sword, even knowing you might los e the fight, instead of displaying your cowardice in front of us all?If someone comes to you with a gift, and you do not accept it, who does the gift belong to? â€" asked the old Samurai.He who tried to deliver it. â€" replied one of his disciples.The same goes for envy, anger and insults. â€" said the master. “When they are not accepted, they continue to belong to the one who carried them.”

Thursday, May 21, 2020

War At The Best, Is Horrible, And This War Of Ours

David Leathers Professor Blanc US History 13 November 2014 Civil Warfare â€Å"War at the best, is terrible, and this war of ours, in its magnitude and in its duration, is one of the most terrible† (Lincoln). This â€Å"war of ours† is the American Civil War 1861-1865. It is one of the most significant wars ever fought in American History. Many Americans lost their lives, some defending freedom, and others defending the Union. The warfare was a major contributor to the casualties suffered during this bloodbath. To fully understand this warfare, one must understand the individual factors involved and how they affected the warfare. The five factors are: military strategy, worldview paradigm, weapons and supplies, terrain, and climate. Military Strategy is important to understand because it is the way that warfare is carried out. A historian named Kelly Snell writes, â€Å"Old world tactics and training were inefficient due to modern weaponry† (Snell). There was pressure for a transition to new military strategy because of the new weapons. The tactics used before the civil war are often referred to as antebellum. Antebellum means â€Å"existing before a war† (Antebellum). Advances in weaponry caused for a change of thought on how to approach warfare. â€Å"All of the military thinking of the day was influenced by Napoleon† (Snell). This war therefore was set up for groundbreaking improvements in strategy. Heidler explains how the Union was trying preserve its unity with the south, so in order toShow MoreRelatedThe Holocaust Was A Horrible Event963 Words   |  4 PagesThe holocaust was a horrible event for everyone involved. Millions of people died from the mislead hatred of the Nazi party.After a devastating loss in World War 1, the Nazi Party looked for someone to blame for the terrible economic state of Germany. Hitler blamed the Jewish people and used them as a scapegoat to explain the how Germany got to this circumstance. Even though these accusations are clearly false the people of Germany believe them and this belief became more widespread as Nazi propagandaRead More Analysis of Pearl Harbor the Movie Essay1737 Words   |  7 Pagesproduced by Jerry Bruckheimer was released in 2001. This highly praised movie allows the audience to carefully watch a movie that is based on a day that started the United States involvement in World War II. The movie begins with a two boys, Danny Walker and Rafe McCawley, who have grown up hoping to become involved in the United States military and slowly changes to the life, excitement, and hardships of being involved in the war. Rafe is one of the best fighter pilots in the regiment and falls in loveRead More Vietnam Essay1320 Words   |  6 Pageswould learn this year in American history I decided to do my project on the experiences of Vietnam War veterans. There is a lot of controversy as to whether or not the Vietnam War veterans are given enough recognition for what they went through. I have heard horrible stories of US soldiers dying from US bombs, shell shock, and soldiers returning to America and not being able to function as active members of society due to the horrors of the war. All I really know about the war is what I haveRead MoreThe Best War Ever By Michael C. B. Adams862 Words   |  4 PagesThe Best War Ever, written by Michael C. C. Adams, is a book focusing on the balanced history of the experience from America’s view during World War II. It neither glorifies nor vilifies the U.S. participation but discusses the real horrors of the war by using glorifying aspects that could have been deceptive or even misleading. World War II defined and transformed the rest of our lives. Americans viewed World War II as the â€Å"Good War† or â€Å"The Best War Ever†. After the end of the war, Americans hadRead MoreAnalysis Of Fear By Gabriel Chevallier1075 Words   |  5 PagesTo start of the novel Fear, by Gabriel Chevallier, Jean Dartemont is in France observing all the civilians celebrate the start of the new war. He criticizes their behavior and strongly disapproves, however, he admits a curiosity in him that convinces him to volunteer for the war for it will be a ‘remarkable spectacle.† After being approved to go to war, Dartemont heads to a training camp. There he becomes a private after failing to become an officer. Here he commands a group, but realized he findsRead MoreAs Mentioned Above, There Have Been Many Lives Lost During1729 Words   |  7 PagesAs mentioned above, there have been many lives lost during the civil war that has raged for years in Syria. The estimated casualties in the chemical attack on April 4th are reported to be 131 citizens, 41 of those children (Perez, 2017). Many more people were also affected by the attack that day. There are the countless friends and family members who lost loved ones. There are surely many others who lost homes and other possessions that will be forced to try to find new places to live and supportRead MoreThe Reader, By Bernhard Schlink1374 Words   |  6 PagesThe period between the wars was a very difficult time in Germany. The currency was enormously depreciated and there were extreme poverty, depression, and political instability. When the Nazis took power in 1933, horror was their method of achieving their goals. Fear and violence became very common among a society that was still in shock after the First World War. In the book The Reader, by Bernhard Schlink, one of the main themes is a conflict with the inner-self. This is seen throughout the bookRead MoreA Separate Peace by John Knowles Essay1256 Words   |  6 Pagesenergetic Phineas, says. â€Å"What was I doing up here anyway? Why did I let Finny talk me into doing stupid things like this?† (17) During this scene in the book, Gene is questioning his decision to jump out of a very tall tree, which he was convinced to climb by Phineas. As the story continues, Gene starts to believe that Phineas is trying to sabotage him. He thinks that Phineas is doing this so that he can be better at everything. However, in reality, Phineas is honestly just trying to have fun with GeneRead MoreAdolf Hi tler And The Nazi Regime1552 Words   |  7 Pagesread: People Who Made History; Adolf Hitler, and I have to say this book was rather interesting. This book gave a lot of background and history to Adolf’s childhood, along with his military strategies, as well as his rise and fall as leader of the Nazi regime. This book was incredibly descriptive, and passionately written, even though it was a fact based book one really feel like they could see into the mind of Adolf Hitler. As horrible of a person he was, his ambition was probably one of the mostRead More Slavery In The United States Essay1500 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout this course we learned about slavery and its effects on our country and on African Americans. Slavery and racism is prevalent throughout the Americas before during and after Thomas Jeffersons presidency. Some people say that Jefferson did not really help stop any of the slavery in the United States. I feel very differently and I will explain why through out this essay. Throughout this essay I will be explaining how views of race were changed in the United States after the presidency of

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Did Thomas Jefferson Abandon His Ethics for the Lousiana...

Did Thomas Jefferson give up his deeply held political values in order to purchase the Louisiana Territory from the French (P. 2)? This is the major question that has led to much debate within the early history of America (P. 1). Some historians argue that Thomas Jefferson did, in fact, throw away his commitment to states’ rights and constructionism by the large purchase of Louisiana for the U.S. (P.1). On the other hand, some believe that President Jefferson supported his political beliefs, the fortification of the republican government, with the Louisiana Purchase (P. 1). David A. Carson argues in â€Å"Blank Paper of the Constitution: The Louisiana Purchase Debates† that Thomas Jefferson did abandon his political ideals when purchasing†¦show more content†¦13). In â€Å"When the Ends Justify the Means,† Barry J. Balleck debates that President Jefferson did not abandon his political ethics by purchasing the Louisiana Territory (P. 14). Balleck states that the Louisiana Purchase was â€Å"the greatest achievement of Thomas Jefferson’s presidency† (P. 14). With the addition of the new territory to the United States, President Jefferson secured the nation â€Å"for generations, if not centuries to come† (P. 14). Jefferson was confident that purchasing the Louisiana Territory would encourage the development of an upright Republican populace (P. 14). Surprisingly, he had many reservations about his authority to purchase Louisiana, but that did not stop him from laying the treaty before Congress (P. 19). He also k new that, by purchasing Louisiana, the Federalists power might be lost, but he still pushed forward with the treaty (P. 19). Although many historians criticize President Jefferson for giving up his most visible political convictions by purchasing Louisiana, he knew that it would double the size of the United States and ensure much land expansion for the country (P. 20). He strongly believed that the new territory was â€Å"essential to national security† (P. 21). In President Jefferson’s mind, purchasing Louisiana secured the â€Å"virtues of Republicanism in an ‘Empire of Liberty’† (P. 22). â€Å"The Louisiana

Premarital Sex Free Essays

Premarital sex is considered immoral as its consequences leads to other immoral behavior and also breaking of the law. When people engage in unprotected premarital sex, it will lead to unwanted pregnancies and children born out of wedlock. This leads to mental and emotional stress for couples who are not ready to bear the responsibility of having children. We will write a custom essay sample on Premarital Sex or any similar topic only for you Order Now As premarital sex often occurs throughout teenage years and among teenagers and adolescents, many are not ready for unwanted pregnancies after engaging in premarital sex as they are neither mature nor responsible enough. This causes a number of unwanted pregnancies to be aborted Girls that do not abort their babies might abandon their babies as soon as they are born as they are unable to raise them. This leads to a rise in the number of babies being abandoned in the country. Most of the time, these babies are often dead by the time they are found. Most importantly, as those that engage in sex before marriage usually have unprotected sex, there is a high risk for them to contract sexually transmitted diseases like Herpes, Chlamydia, Genital Warts, Gonorrhea, Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and other diseases as people who engage in premarital sex tend to have multiple sex partners. Some sexually transmitted diseases can be treated if early treatment is sought. However, there has been no cure from AIDS. And it can totally destroy a young person’s life. Yes, sex is pleasurable, but in God’s view, the primary purpose of sex is not recreation, but rather re-creation. In other words, sex is for reproduction. God does not limit sex to married couples to rob pleasure from those who are unmarried. Rather, God commands against premarital sex in order to protect unmarried people from unwanted pregnancies, from children born to parents who do not want them, and to protect children from parents who are not prepared for them. Imagine, for a moment, a world without premarital sex. There would be no sexually-transmitted diseases, there would be no un-wed mothers, there would be no unwanted pregnancies, there would be no abortions, etc. According to the Bible, abstinence is God’s only policy when it comes to premarital sex. Abstinence saves lives, protects babies, gives sexual relations the proper value, and most importantly abstinence honors God How to cite Premarital Sex, Essay examples Premarital Sex Free Essays Jasleen Lopez Theology 4-4th February 4, 2013 Premarital Sex What does the Catholic Church say about premarital sex? What is the history of this issue? How is society handling about the issue? What are its possible outcomes? What are its statistics? Premarital sex is having a sexual relationship with someone before receiving the Holy sacrament of marriage. The Catholic Church says that having sexual relationships between a man and a woman is supposed to be until marriage. So that when you are married you can enjoy physical, emotional and spiritual time with them. We will write a custom essay sample on Premarital Sex or any similar topic only for you Order Now Premarital sex is a mortal sin. It is a sin against God, against His will, and His way (Sin Np). Those who have committed this sin need to ask for forgiveness to God in confession, so they can reconcile with Him. God said in the Bible, â€Å"If we acknowledge our sins, he is faithful and just and will forgive our sins and cleanse us from every wrongdoing (1 John 1:9 1360). â€Å"The Bible explains, â€Å"The body, however, is not for immorality, but for the Lord, and the Lord is for the body† (1 Corinthians 6:13 1236). It’s saying that they should have some respect to their bodies, because God made us. From the Catholic Bible, premarital sex refers to fornication. The unity love of a husband and wife is ‘flesh’. When there in love they have the right to be with one another. A bunch of people may have thought they were truly in love with someone, had lost their virginity to them, and then they end up going separate ways. People don’t know the consequence what will happen for those who have had premarital sex. Many people get tempted into having sex before marriage only because everyone else is doing it, they think it’s okay if they have fornication. â€Å"Marriage should be honored by all, and the marriage bed kept pure, for God will judge the adulterer and all the sexually immoral† (Marriage Np). The history of premarital sex is mostly involved with everyone now because those who are Catholics are usually the ones who have sex before marriage. Those who are not Catholic’s have fewer people who have had premarital sex. Alfred Kinsey, a zoologist who liked to know about human sexual behavior. He had interviewed a lot of people, and had a result that in 1905 to 1920 there was a huge change in premarital sexual behavior. In 1650 A. D. , premarital sex was like a crime and they made it illegal. Later in 1881 A. D. , Tony Pace, and Mary J. Cox, they were going to go to jail for 2 years because of having premarital sex. In 1981 A. D. , Pope John Paul II said that premarital sex does not only bring guilt but also to be envy and unfriendliness (John Paul II Np). During 2005 A. D. , if you and your couple were 18 years of age, then most countries would let you have sex before marriage. The history changed a lot from back then, because they had punishments for them if they committed it. For us in today, we have to make our right decision in following God’s way, which is to wait until your married for sexual love. The statistics of premarital sex is showing that in a data of survey age by 20, 75% of people had premarital sex. The age of 44, 95% of people having premarital sex; women who were turning 15 from 1954 to 1993, around 91% had premarital sex at age of 30. The chart below is showing the numbers of percentage of people who are all catholic and have committed premarital sex; and those who are weekly attending Catholics. It shows that 39%, in 1972 the adult Catholics said fornication was always wrongdoing. The percentage went up at 52, for the weekly attending Catholics who thought it was wrong. Those who don’t attend mass and are Catholic have a higher number at 86%. There is a lot of Catholics who attend church and don’t agree on not having sex before marriage. They don’t want to follow what God said to us, â€Å"to wait until we found our spouse to have sexual relations together†. Premarital sex on this chart is showing that this has been happening for a while now. (Pope, Msgr. Charles Np) (Pope, Msgr. Charles Np) That top graph is showing the percent of high school students who have had premarital sex, from between 1991 to 2007. It was a Youth Risk Behavior Survey taken more than 16,000 students in over 150 high schools, throughout the whole nation (Pope, Msgr. Charles Np). As you can see, in 1991 the percentage was 54. 1, the highest overall all those other years. From 1993 to1997 the percentage decreased, of 53% to 48. 4% from both females and males. Then it started increasing a little bit in 1999, about 49. 9%. It had decreased again in 2001, with a 45. 6%; from there it increased throughout the other years, a 47. 8% in 2007. That was the last percentage taken from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey in 2007 from high school students, both males and females having premarital sex. This other graph below is showing another percentage that premarital sex was starting around the 1900. In 1900, it was 6% women in the U. S. having premarital sex, at the age of 19. Compared to before as of today, the percentage has increased to a 75%. Only 15% of women had the attitude of having premarital sex in 1968. The statistics are showing that it will probably increase in the future. (Premarital sex graph Np) In America premarital sex, on average for young people happens about the age of 17. In 2006-2010, the most common reason that sexually inexperienced teens gave for not having had sex was that it was â€Å"against religion or morals† (38% among females and 31% among males) (Statistics in America Np). Some other reasons were that females said they want to wait for someone special, or they don’t want to get pregnant. A female who had premarital sex the percentage is about 70% and the males is 56% with a steady partner not just a friend. Teens from the U. S. and Europe have the same issue of premarital sex. There are a lot of people who have sex before marriage, because they feel like they’re going to lose their partner. People who aren’t ready for sexual relationship, they need time and if the other person doesn’t accept you then you leave them. A survey shows for the Chinese was said that there is 70% of Chinese people who had premarital sex. The report showed that in comparison to 1994, the ratio of Chinese citizens who have had premarital sexual activity in 2012 has increased 30%, reaching 71. 4% (Chinese Statistics Np). The society can’t really do anything about having premarital sex because it’s your own decision on what you want to do. As societies they must set legal and behavioral boundaries just like God did. You may have to deal with unwanted pregnancies, and the consequences of sexual immorality. Premarital sex effects somewhat on our society from having sexual images sent out, living together without being married, and prostitution. It’s a sin it also effects on the people who care about you. In Australia, you have to be 16 to legally have a sexual relationship. The possible outcomes of premarital sex can be that young teens may have any STD’s if you’re not careful. That would be really difficult to handle at an early age. Getting pregnant is another possible outcome because they would have to take care of their baby or they may want to commit a horrible sin by doing abortion. That is really mature situation someone would have to take if getting pregnant at any early age. Also, they would have probably family problems in the future, dealing with the money and etc. They probably have the conscience filled with guilt of having sex before marriage. People should really think about what they are doing to themselves, if they ask for forgiveness to God, he will forgive you. They must not do it again until marriage. God wants us all to follow Him, have sex until marriage with our loved one whom we will share everything with them for all eternity until separated through death. How to cite Premarital Sex, Papers

Sunday, April 26, 2020

Ireland Essays - Island Countries, Northern Europe, Western Europe

Ireland The flag is colored green, white and orange, which the green stripe stands for those of the native Irish descents, the orange stripe represents the descendants of 17th Century British Colonists and the white stripe is for the hope and peace between the two groups. The brown form is drawn in the shape of the country Ireland and the brown represents the hills and mountains. I chose to drawn the puffin bird, because it is the national bird of Ireland. It is a black bird with a white breast and a multi-colored beak, it is found nesting along the rocky ledges of Ireland. The scenic picture shows the peacefulness of the land with a symbolic house and the beautiful blue rivers that Ireland is known for. The final symbol is the leprechaun with his gold. Ireland is known as the "Land of the Leprechaun" and that is the reason the fairy tales began there. Geography Ireland is an island located in the western North Atlantic Ocean, the area covers 27,136 square miles and its population is estimated at 3,500,000. The bordering countries are Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It is smaller than Scotland and made up of smaller islands off the coast. There are many hills, plateaus, mountains, plains and lowlands. The lowlands and plains are mainly covered with farms, pastures and old lakes form peat bogs. Climate Ireland is known for its rainy weather and it can rain for most of the year in some parts of the country. Due to the position of Ireland off the sea, the average temperature in the summer is cool, while the winter is mild. The weather in Ireland is milder than other countries. Snow falls only on a few days in winter and melts very quickly, because of the North Atlantic current. The coldest temperature averages 30 to 40 degrees Fahrenheit. The warmest month is July with a temperature averaging at 65 degrees Fahrenheit. Ireland's dampness, fog and rain make the country lush and green. Resources, Industry and Products Ireland has recently discovered zinc and copper, which had opened up new mining resources. The country has few mineral resources such as iron, barites, lead and silver. There are some gypsum, marble, limestone, flagstone and slate also found. The government has invested in some oil refining, shipbuilding, and manufactures fertilizers. Sugar beets are grown locally and the sugar industry has developed because of the crop. Other crops they grow are oats, potatoes, barley, wheat and turnips. Other industries and products include bread, biscuits, textiles, clothing, whisky, metal products, paper and paper products. The chief exports are livestock, foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco and clothing. Tourism and travel have also contributed to the economy. The Irish economy has been based on agriculture, but in recent years many new industries have been developed. People, Religion and Race The population is over 3.6 million and the highest percent of people are Roman Catholic with a small amount of the people belonging to the Anglican Church. The rest are various Christian and Non-Christian beliefs. Religion is a very important role in their cultural and political history. The Constitution of Ireland guarantees freedom of worship to all religions. The people are usually Celts, but there are Norse, French Normans, Scots and English in the country as well. Many people are returning to Ireland from the United States or the U.K. to secure employment. The Irish are easygoing, lighthearted, good-humored, polite and cheerful. Interesting Facts The official name of the country is Ireland and called Eire in Gaelic and often called the Emerald Isle. The capital city is Dublin and the national anthem is "The Soldier's Song". The Irish are very sports oriented and the two national pastimes are football and hurling (soccer-type with wooden sticks and small leather ball). Rugby, sailing, cycling, golf, and horse racing are also favorite activities. Ireland has a strong tradition for music and song originating back thousands of years. Reaction Since my ancestors are from Ireland on my Dads side, it is very interesting to write on my culture, nationality and their background. I find it to be exciting and informative to learn about the country. It is known to be a land of fairy tales, music, dance, song, beautiful clothes and silver jewelry, which I love. My name "Brianna" means strong and brave in Irish and I am very proud to be named that. I would love to visit my country and see the old and ancient castles where my ancestors grew up and lived. I wonder what they looked like and what

Wednesday, March 18, 2020

buy custom About Racism essay

buy custom About Racism essay Racism refers to the belief that a certain racial group is superior or inferior to another, which causes it to be discriminated against based on their various inherent traits (Shah, 2010). Racism has a very long history in the society, infiltrating every aspect of our lives. It is unfortunate that even today racism still continues to exist and shows no sign of declining in the near future. It exists in different forms based on the difference of skin color, religion, culture, economic status, etc. (Shah, 2010). A better understanding of racism requires a closer look at the core cause which is an institutional ideology. It is more than just ill-treatment of certain people, or hatred; it is an evil that is nourished and sustained by governments and institutions (Shah, 2010). The initial evidence of racism emerged at the end of the 16th century with the slave trade in America and Britain. The rich and the powerful used racism to justify this inhuman and most atrocious treatment of black people to gain material wealth. Towards the end of the 17th century, racism had become an established and organized justification for degrading and mistreating slaves (Shah, 2010). When the slave trade declined, racism took a new form in the 1940s to justify the ideology of imperialism which reigned more than a century. The white mans burden concept was a trend started in England. According to it, British colonialists declared themselves as the father and mother of colonial children charged with the responsibility of their spiritual and material welfare. Colonialists used racism to justify their exploitation of the natives, stealing of their properties, as well as their capitalist expansion into various countries (Shah, 2010). Perhaps the best achievement in the fight against racism in the USA was the election of the 44th President of the United States of America, Barack Obama (Shah, 2010). The President Obama became the first African American who held the highest and most coveted position worldwide. The tears of joy, which many African Americans shed at the swearing-in of the President Obama, signified victory over racism in America. It was the wish of many black Americans that racism would end forever. However, some of the policies of the President Obama have been met with opposition from whites, for instance, when he tried to push for a more comprehensive health system, he was criticized, even called a communist who was favoring the black people (Shah, 2010). From the criticisms, it is clear that some people do not want a more comprehensive healthcare system that covers even the blacks because they feel that black people in the USA are unworthy human beings. In addition, racists have criticized Mr. Obam a because of his middle name Hussein which shows that he is a Muslim and not a Christian which is his true religion. He has been called an anti-Christ, discriminatory sentiments, which have fueled racism (Shah, 2010). This is a clear indication of racism in practice, which shows just how inevitable racism is in our societies, no matter how we try to get rid of it. This paper explores the causes and effects of racism. Causes of Racism Feeling of Unworthinss A majority of racists in the world tend to suffer from low self-esteem and self-love, thereby making them feel unconfident. Consequently, they tend to concentrate their negative feelings towards people who are vulnerable and weak (Shah, 2010). It is important to note that people, who love and appreciate themselves, are in a better position to appreciate the feelings of others and understand them, hence, they are able to accommodate opinions of others more. Racists have a low perception of themselves because they feel they lack the opportunities that others have, and, therefore, they need to feel superior and exercise power over others what makes them treat others indifferently (Shah, 2010). Ignorance Ignorance is another issue that fuels racism. Children, who are taught that other people are less human, or inferior, grow up with the belief that racism is right and normal, especially when their peers demonstrate similar beliefs and conducts. Consequently, such people tend to see nothing wrong with their actions because they are validated by everybody else around them (Shah, 2010). Until they are aware of the consequences of their actions through education, they continue to remain ignorant of other peoples realities. Intolerance The failure to teach children about tolerance to different people has also contributed to racism. This is because many schools are segregated based on gender, abilities, race, religion, culture, economic status, etc. As a result, children grow up only used to interacting with other children whom they share common things with. When they grow up, they find it difficult to tolerate people who are different from them (Shah, 2010). An illustration of racism is found in Toni Morissons book Recitatif where he represents how racism led to unfriendly relationship between two girls, Roberta (white) and Twyla (black). This is a part of their conversation: Oh, Twyla, you know how it was in those days: black-white. You know how everything was (Morisson 56). Later on when the girls met as adults, Roberta explained to Twyla that the cause of the unfriendliness was their different color of skin. Social and Economic Factors The varied social and economic status of people has also contributed to racism, i.e., the amount of money they make, the type of car they drive, their place of residence, etc. According to reports by CNN, 12.5% of Americans were living below the poverty line in 2004 as compared to 24.4% of African Americans (Fredrickson, 2005). It is evident that the number of poor African Americans was twice that of poor whites and this have contributed to people generalizing that all African Americans are poor. A study by the Michigan University revealed that whites view all minority groups as security risks. According to the research, whites are threatened by blacks because they see them as a source of possible danger to their security, and consequently, they tend to distance themselves from them (Fredrickson, 2005). Effects of Racism Segregattion Racism was the reason behind the segregation witnessed in the United States between 1890 and 1940, which saw enacted the laws of Jim Crow. Consequently, all public facilities were separated for whites and blacks. Many African-Americans faced with frightening or even killing for enrolling in schools and voting (Shah, 2010). Lynching of the black population by the whites for insignificant reasons was a common and widespread practice during those days. In healthcare facilities, black people were denied the same quality of health care given to the whites, and black patients often died due to neglect by medical staff. Racism also led to the South African apartheid that resulted in legal segregation of the Africans from the Europeans (Shah, 2010). Racism also led to the mass killing of Jews and Gypsies by Hitler during World War II (Shah, 2010). Hitlers genocide was systematically planned, and sponsored by the Nazi Germany Government, and was aimed to kill all Jews and Gypsies who had occupied the Nazi territory. It is reported that about two-thirds of the twelve million (9 million women and 3 million men) Jews who lived in Europe perished. The most famous concentration camps were Sobibor, Belzec, and Treblinka, where handicapped (physical and mental) Jews and Gypsies were taken and burned alive (Shah, 2010). Anger, Violence and Hatred Racism results in violence, anger and hatred among people. People who are discriminated, for instance, based on appearance, suffer from low self-esteem and self-confidence. However, since there is nothing they can do to change their appearance, they tend to harbor hatred and anger towards others, which when not handled properly can lead to violence (Shah, 2010). Such people are exceedingly hot-tempered and can turn violent at the least of provocations. The indifferent treatment of people who experience racism can make them stressed. This is because they have to put up with unfair treatment from unequal resource distribution, poor educational and medical services to relatively less opportunities for success. In addition, people get stressed especially when the witness a stereotypical portrayal of the race with which they identify with on television or in the news (Harrell 46). Such constant experience of racism-related mental suffering can increase the potential of people developing grave physiological health problems such as cardiovascular reactivity, hypertension, high blood pressure, as well as poor functioning of the immune system (Harrell, 2000). Racism has existed since time immemorial and is still present in the current society. The past years of segregation, colonialism and extermination have all remained in our memories making it difficult to forget everything and treat everybody equally. Though racism may be inevitable in the society, something can still be done to save the future generation from its effects. Education is the way forward. We have to explain to future generations that we share the same earth, so we must accept our differences, and learn to love and tolerate one another. Tolerance is the key word in the fight against racism. Buy custom About Racism essay

Monday, March 2, 2020

Myth and Misconception

Myth and Misconception Myth and Misconception Myth and Misconception By Maeve Maddox Phil Dragonetti writes: One of the things that bug me about English usage is the use of acute word instead of the proper word. One such cute word is myth[which] many use †¦ instead of the word misunderstanding or misconception I received this comment while I was writing a post for my teaching site. The headline Id given my article was The Myth of Make-up Work. Phils comment challenged me to see if I could come up with something else that would convey the same meaning. I changed it to No Such Thing as Make-up Work. The OED gives two general definitions of myth: myth: 1. A traditional story, typically involving supernatural beings or forces, which embodies and provides an explanation, aetiology, or justification for something such as the early history of a society, a religious belief or ritual, or a natural phenomenon.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2. A widespread but untrue or erroneous story or belief; a widely held misconception; a misrepresentation of the truth. Also: something existing only in myth; a fictitious or imaginary person or thing. Headline writers are not likely to abandon the use of such a useful word as myth: its short, it alliterates with a lot of common words, and it conveys a sense of something that is not true. This use of myth does seem to be applied to just about anything and everything: 10 Big Myths about copyright explained Ten Myths About Affirmative Action Top 10 Myths About Thanksgiving The Myth of Mental Illness The Myth of Alzheimers: What You Arent Being Told James Webb: Diversity and the Myth of White Privilege All About Digital Photos The Myth of DPI Myths about Pregnancy Myths about Aging Myths about Alcohol When Joseph Campbell called his book The Power of Myth, he wasnt thinking of untrue or erroneous beliefs. He was thinking of universal spiritual truths that shape our lives. Maybe it would make sense to lighten up on the use of myth as a synonym for mere error. Heres a selection of other words and terms that convey the sense of something that is not true, or not completely true: deceit deception delusion error fabrication false notion falsehood fiction flaw half truth illusion inconsistency invention lie misapprehension misconception mistake untruth   Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 English Grammar Rules You Should KnowThat vs. WhichHow to Treat Names of Groups and Organizations

Friday, February 14, 2020

Maritime LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Maritime LAW - Essay Example The notion behind arresting the ship rests in the notion of the ship itself as being the wrongdoer and thereby liable to arrest and offer the same for sale to settle the claims by a creditor. It normally involves securing the appearance of the defendant ship owner and corroborates the jurisdiction of the Court. If the Court permits the maritime creditor’s claim, the verdict is then enforceable against the detained res by judicial sale or security given to assume its place. (Force et al, 2006:262). An action in rem may be initiated against a ship in connection with which a claim arose or against a sister ship. As per the decision held in Gatoil Inc. v Arkwright –Boston Co [1985] A.C. 255 at 265, under the Arrest Convention, there exists a right to initiate an action in rem against another ship of the owner. (Gault et al: 2003:31). An action in rem can be initiated in the High Court against the ship where there exists a maritime lien on the ship and in cases where there e xists a statutory right to proceed in rem. (Gault et al 2003:31). For many centuries, action in rem is the remedy most sought for and used to, and it is being the specialty of the Admiralty Court and for the Courts having parallel jurisdiction and it offers a chief benefit over the same. For initiating any action against a ship is the specialty to proceed in the Admiralty Court directly, and it has been regarded as the illustrious aspect of the Admiralty jurisdiction. Even from the Elizabethan era, the action in rem is being employed in the Admiralty court and however, during the middle of the nineteenth century, the modern theory of maritime liens, i.e. rights against the ship started to evolve. The starting of consideration of the action in rem is itself must lie in the onset of the theory of maritime liens as the two concepts have become interconnected. (Wiswall 1970:155) As per Jervis, maritime lines were the founding stones of actions in rem which was itself a maxim as laid dow n in â€Å"The Bold Cuccleugh† where a solid substantive verdict was given that the action in rem was a proceeding directly against a ship and not a procedural mechanism to enrich personal jurisdiction over owners. (Wiswall 1970:158). Thus, in the case of action in rem, action in personam cannot be claimed was vitiated by the verdict given by Sir Francis Jeune in â€Å"The Dictoar â€Å"in 1891 and when action being in rem, and if any bail that had been offered should stand as a substitute for the ship, and it should be treated as the limit of the liability and it was not proper to award a decree or a judgement in personam in an action in rem. Thus, separate legal proceedings should be initiated for an action to be brought in personam was needed mainly to obtain satisfaction of the balance of the savage award. (Wiswall 1970:158). Traditionally, an action in rem has been considered as an action against the ship itself and does not refer to any action against a ship owner unt il and at least the ship owner acknowledges services of the claim form. â€Å"The House of Lords â€Å"in â€Å"The Indian Grace â€Å"held that under the â€Å"s.34 of the Civil Jurisdiction and Judgments Act, 1982 â€Å", an â€Å"

Sunday, February 2, 2020

WE 5 AL &WE Response CRJ 545 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

WE 5 AL &WE Response CRJ 545 - Essay Example It is clear that gathering enough evidence is the goal of any investigator. However, this cannot be achieved when an investigator(s) overlook some of the evidence such as impression evidence. Such evidence can help in identification of the perpetrator of any crime. For example, such kind of evidence may help in identifying the number of perpetrators and the place of entry and exit of the perpetrators. However, the impression evidence may exhibit some weaknesses. For example, even after gathering such evidence it will only be useful if the perpetrator is available for comparison purposes. The paper helps in highlighting various types of evidence that can be made available in the trial processes. The different types of evidence play a significant role in conviction or acquittal of the accused. One of special interest is the forensic evidence. I have realized that the forensic evidence requires strict handling before it is admissible in any trial process. Any mishandling of the evidence can lead to a person that is guilty being set free. Therefore, extra caution and attention is required when handling this type of evidence. The interview highlights a number of things in the collection and presentation of evidence. The interview has also highlighted several issues for a person that wants to pursue a career in crime investigation needs to know. First, the interview helps in showing the importance of science in conviction or acquittal of a person. For example, DNA technology has played a significant role in the trial of various cases. I have also realized that experience plays a significant role in relevance and collection of evidence. Moreover, it is clear that the medical examiner plays a crucial role in unraveling of murder cases. The paper plays a role in highlighting the essence of incorporating the traditional and modern ways of gathering and analyzing evidence. The latent print examiner has simplified the

Friday, January 24, 2020

Renaisance Art Essay -- essays research papers

I have a real love for Renaissance art. The reason I chose this topic is because I took a class on art a freshman, and really enjoyed it. The book I read was ‘The Art of the Renaissance.’ After the fall of the Western Roman Empire in about the 5th century A.D., Europe remained poor and in poverty until the 11th century. By then, Europe began to grow and flourish. While surrounding countries of Italy, such as France, Spain, and England were powerful centralized nations, Italy was still full of city-sized states.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Italy was now the center of trade and manufacturing. Noble courts and wealthy people criticized artists and scholars as they saw them as non-equals. Most Italian artists and sculptors modeled what the ancient Romans did in the way of art, and literature.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Florence was the place where art had a ‘rebirth’, following the masterpieces of Giotto in the 13th century. In the 15th century, a man by the name of Filippo Brunelleschi had turned his idea of art into architecture. New buildings and Cathedrals were being built in Florence, and Brunelleschi’s amazing sense of contrast of light, classical proportions, and spatial effects made him one of the best.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Later in the 1400’s there was a painter by the name of Masaccio. This amazing artist had a special was of creating 3 dimensions in all of his paintings. As time went on, more talented artists, architects, and sculptors had found thems...

Thursday, January 16, 2020

History of education Essay

â€Å"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world. † –Nelson Mandela The importance of learning is to enable the individual to put his potentials to optimal use. Education makes man a right thinker and a correct decision-maker. It achieves this by bringing him knowledge from the external world, teaching him to reason and acquainting him with past history, so that he can be a better judge of the present. With education, he finds himself in a room with all its windows open to the outside world. A well educated man is a more dependable worker, a better citizen, a centre of wholesome influence, pride to his community and honour to his country. A nation is great only in proportion of its advancement in education. Education is Self Empowerment. Receiving a good education makes a person strong enough to look after himself in any given situation. It keeps him aware of the given surrounding as well as the rules and regulations of the society. It’s only through knowledge that one can question authority for its negligence or discrepancies and only then that can a person avail his rights as a citizen and seek improvement in the structural functioning of governance and economy. As a whole, people can bring about development only when they know where improvement is necessary for the greater good of mankind. Education gives a better understanding to the person, it helps realize potential and qualities one possesses as a human being. It helps tap into latent talent, so that people can sharpen their skills. Education teaches what man lives and struggles for. It cultivates an integrated life. By so doing, it gives significance of life. It helps restores financial stability and dignity of life. It is the essential basis of a good life. Education enlightens and lifts a nation to heights of progress. The problem in India is that it has adopted democracy without preparing the ground for it by educating population. But its never too late to undertake mass programmes of Adult education or Social education. Adult education is the education of grown up men and women. In the complex modern times, people must be knowledgeable and be aware of what they are doing and what is being done to them. To create such sentience every responsible citizen should take up this social cause and educate the knowledge deprived people. Teaching a daily worker for just an hour daily can change their lives in propitious ways as it was rightly quoted by Neil Armstrong, ‘One small step is a giant leap for mankind’. In recent history our country has taken up good measures to ensure a high educated population by taking up several social causes and concentrating on the rural areas, since they comprise a majority but the system has been laid back due the restraints imposed by old cultural ethics. For the past few centuries in India, the girl has been completely neglected even as a human being, her sole purpose of life has been to feed the family and bear a child. Good education has been denied to women. It is argued that women have their domestic duties to perform and that, if they were educated, they would bury themselves in their books and have little time for attending to the management of their households. But what people fail to understand is education involves knowledge of the means by which health may be preserved and enable a mother to consult such modern books as will tell her how to rear up her children into healthy men and women and skilfully nurse them and her husband, when disease attacks her household. The purpose of education is not just earning a livelihood but education makes an individual into a good human being, which is passed on to the next the kith and kin. It is true that, the education of girls has lately taken a slight leap but this is only in a very small segment of Indian society. Unless the motion is fast and continuous, and includes more of poor urban and rural girls in the field of education, there can be no hope of having a developed and first world country status for India. â€Å"When a man is educated, only he is educated but, when a woman is educated, a family is educated. † – Indira Gandhi â€Å"Education is the great engine of personal development. It is through education that the daughter of a peasant can become a doctor, that the son of a mineworker can become the head of the mine, that a child of farworkers can become the president of a great nation. It is what we make out of what we have, not what we are given, that separates one person from another. † – Nelson Mandela.

Wednesday, January 8, 2020

Microfinance Deathbed for Communism - 1146 Words

Microfinance, death bell for communism Microfinance is widely talked about throughout the world. Through the remote part of Bangladesh it kicked off its journey and gradually flew through the kingdom of light hovering clouds to spread its message. And the target group easily understood and promptly absorbed its mesmerising effect. This way credibility of the system was established within comparatively short span of time. In a World Bank estimate about 160 million from the developing countries at present take assistance through microfinance. However, credit goes to the Bengali economist Dr. Mohammed Yunus who invented in his factory the idea and threw it with a note that it would effectively absorb the shock of poverty and empower the†¦show more content†¦It may be granted to individuals or a group. But the amount involved in this connection is always meager. Why is the amount peanut? The reason may be that he (she) who never counts accumulated amount will be in trauma having loan of a big amount. What will he do with the amount? And if he is at all given the way out he will be in constant fear of losing it in transaction. Yet again, will he be able to provide necessary amount to open an account and who will assist him in transaction matter? On such background it is easy to conclude micro-credit service is not feasible for them. But who will deny they are already enjoining the service though in a different way. Since ages there remains a practice of private lending in the subcontinent. The lenders provided the poor the service with high interest without any collateral. Names of Muslim Pathans and Hindu Marwaris are referred to in this connection. Not only that the poor makes groups and collect amount from the members of the group/s for keeping it in safe hand though sometimes the safe-hand turns into rogue and leaves no stone unturned to pocket fraudulently their savings. The amount so collected is given to members turn by turn. Further they buy gold, jewelry, animals, buildings etc as investment. In case of need they can be turned into cash.